Apparatuses and methods for current limitation in threshold switching memories

ABSTRACT

The present invention relates to apparatuses and methods for limiting current in threshold switching memories. An example apparatus may include a plurality of first decoder circuits, a plurality of second decoder circuits, an array of memory cells, and a control circuit. Each memory cell of the array of memory cells may be cells coupled to a pair of first decoder circuits of the plurality of first decoder circuits, and further coupled to a pair of second decoder circuits of the plurality of second decoder circuits. The control circuit may be coupled to the plurality of first decoder circuits and the plurality of second decoder circuits, and the control circuit may be configured to activate a first one of the pair of first decoder circuits coupled to a memory cell of the array of memory cells before a second one of the pair of first decoder circuits, and further configured to activate a first one of the pair of second decoder circuits coupled to the memory cell of the array of memory cells before a second one of the pair of second decoder circuits to access the a memory

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION(S)

This application is a continuation of pending U.S. patent applicationSer. No. 14/950,413, filed Nov. 24, 2015. The aforementioned applicationis incorporated herein by reference, in its entirety, for any purpose.

BACKGROUND

Conventional memories include memory cells that are accessed by turningon a transistor that couples the memory cell, e.g., a capacitor, with aMine or a wordline. In contrast, threshold-type memories include memorycells that are accessed by providing a voltage across a memory cell, andthe data value stored is based on a threshold voltage of the memorycell. For example, the data value may be based on whether the thresholdvoltage of the memory cell is exceeded and the memory cell conductscurrent, in response to the voltage provided across the memory cell. Thedata value stored may be changed, for example, by applying a voltagesufficient to change the threshold voltage of the memory cell. Oneexample of a threshold-type memory cell may be a cross-point memorycell.

With threshold-type memories, a memory cell that “thresholds” inresponse to a voltage provided across it may be susceptible to changesor damages when the memory cells thresholds and begins to conductcurrent. The current conducted by a memory cell may spike at the timethe memory cell thresholds, and the resulting spike in current maysubject the cell to undesirable conditions that may damage the cell, orotherwise negatively impact the memory cell (e.g., degrade the datavalue stored by the memory cell, change the data value stored by thememory cell, etc.).

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a simplified block diagram of a portion a memory according toan embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 2A is a diagram illustrating a portion of a memory array inaccordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 2B is a diagram illustrating a portion of a memory array inaccordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 3A is a simplified block diagram of a portion of a memory accordingto an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 3B is a timing diagram of various signals during a memory operationin accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 4A is a simplified block diagram of a portion of a memory 400according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 4B is a timing diagram of various signals during a memory operationin accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 5 is an example method flow diagram of a memory operation inaccordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 6 is a simplified block diagram of a memory according to anembodiment of the present invention

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Apparatuses and methods for limiting current spikes in thresholdswitching memories are disclosed herein. Certain details are set forthbelow to provide a sufficient understanding of embodiments of thedisclosure. However, it will be clear to one having skill in the artthat embodiments of the disclosure may be practiced without theseparticular details. Moreover, the particular embodiments of the presentdisclosure described herein are provided by way of example and shouldnot be used to limit the scope of the disclosure to these particularembodiments. In other instances, well-known circuits, control signals,timing protocols, and software operations have not been shown in detailin order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the disclosure.

Memories conventionally include an array of memory cells with eachmemory cell coupled to at least two access lines. For example, a memorycell may be coupled to a bitline and a wordline. As such, each accessline may be coupled to a large number of memory cells. To select amemory cell, a decoder circuit associated with a first access linecoupled to the cell and a decoder circuit associated with a secondaccess line coupled to the cell may both provide a voltage and/or acurrent to their respective access lines. By applying voltages and/orcurrents to the respective access lines, the memory cells may beaccessed, for example, to write data on the memory cell or read datafrom the memory cell.

Because each access line may be coupled to a large number of memorycells, each memory cell may be a different physical distance fromrespective decoder circuits. Further, because the physical distancebetween each cell and their respective decoder circuits is different, aparasitic load associated with each memory cell may be different. Theparasitic load may include a resistance of the metal traces used to formthe access lines, and parasitic capacitances associated with both themetal traces and the associated decoder circuits. As such, each memorycell may have a different associated parasitic load due to theirrespective relative physical distances from the respective decodercircuits. Additionally, the parasitic loads associated with each memorycell may affect the voltages and/or currents the memory cell receiveswhen the respective decoder circuits provide the voltages to the accesslines associated with the memory cell. That is, while the voltageprovided to the access line by the decoder circuit may be the same forevery memory cell along the access line, the voltage and timing of thevoltage which a particular memory cell receives may be different fromother memory cells along the same access line due to its specificlocation along the access line with respect to the providing decodercircuit.

In some embodiments of the disclosure, decoder circuits may be placed oneach end of the access lines so that a pair of decoder circuits isassociated with each access line. The decoder circuits may be lessresistive than the associated access lines, and, as a result, an RCcharacteristic of the access lines coupled to a memory cell may be moreaffected by the access lines than the decoder circuits. In such aconfiguration, decoder circuits at each of end of a respective accessline may be activated when selecting a memory cell. Accordingly, thevoltage, for example, on the associated access line may be large enoughto ensure the memory cell thresholds, e.g., is turned on or accessed, asdesired due to the level of voltage on both access lines. In someembodiments, the decoder circuits of the pairs of decoder circuits thatare farther away from a target memory cell may be used, at least,initially to select the target cell. The parasitic load associated withthe memory cell and the respective decoder circuits that are fartheraway may be larger than the parasitic load associated with the memorycell and the respective decoder circuits that are closer. By initiallyselecting the memory cell using the decoder circuits that are fartheraway, the larger parasitic RC load may smooth the current spike, whichmay reduce the chance of disturbing the stored state or setting thememory cell too hard. The parasitic RC load may behave as a filter,which may limit the magnitude of the current spike. In some embodiments,a memory address for the target memory cell may determine which decodercircuit of the pairs of decoder circuits to activate first so to reducethe current spike. That is, the memory address may be used to determinewhich decoder circuit of the pairs of decoder circuit is physicallyfarther from the memory cell, or which the memory cell is farther from,and conversely, which of the decoder circuits of the pairs of decodercircuits is closer to the target memory cell. The relative distance ofthe target memory cell from the respective pairs of decoder circuits maydetermine an order the decoder circuits are activated. In someembodiments, only the decoder circuits that are farther from the targetmemory cell may be activated to threshold, e.g., select, a target memorycell. In some embodiments, the decoder circuits that are closer to thetarget memory cell may be activated after the decoder circuits that arefarther from the target memory cell have been activated. For example, awordline decoder circuit farther from a target memory cell may beactivated, then the wordline decoder circuit closer to the target memorycell may be subsequently activated. Bitline decoder circuits may besimilarly activated.

In some embodiments in which the resistance of a decoder circuit isgreater than the resistance of the associated access lines, the decodercircuits closer to a targeted memory cell may be selected first in orderto increase the RC characteristics around the target cell. As such, byincreasing the RC characteristic around a target cell, the chance ofdisturbing the target cell may be reduced. In the following disclosure,the example of low resistive decoder circuits is used for illustrativepurposes, but is non-limiting. For example, the decoder selectionsequence discussed with respect to FIGS. 1 through 6 may be reversed forembodiments in which the decoder circuit has a larger resistance thanthe associated access lines.

FIG. 1 is a simplified block diagram of a portion of a memory 100according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The memory 100 maybe, for example, non-volatile memory, such as a cross-point memory, or avolatile memory. The memory 100 may include an array 112 containing aplurality of memory cells 102, a plurality of bitlines 104 (104-0,104-1, 104-2, and 104-3), a plurality of wordlines 106 (106-0, 106-1,106-2, and 106-3), a plurality of bitline decoder circuits, a pluralityof wordline decoder circuits, and a control circuit 122. In someembodiments, the memory cells 102 each include a selector and a storageelement, When the selector of a cell thresholds, the storage element maybe accessed to read or write a data value to the storage element. Inother embodiments, a memory cell 102 may not include a separate selectorand storage element, but have a configuration so that the memory cellnonetheless acts as having a selector and storage element. For ease ofdiscussion, FIG. 1 may be discussed in terms of bitlines, wordlines,bitline decoder circuits, and wordline decoder circuits, but thesedesignations are non-limiting. The scope of the present disclosureshould be understood to cover memory cells that are coupled to multipleaccess lines and accessed through respective decoder circuits, where anaccess line may be used to store data into a memory cell and read datafrom the memory cell. To reduce or eliminate the occurrence of a currentspike when a target memory cell thresholds, the wordline decoder circuitof the pair of wordline decoder circuits that is farther away from thetarget memory cell may be activated before the wordline decoder circuitthat is closer to the target memory cell is activated. The wordlinedecoder circuit that is closer to the target memory cell may besubsequently activated. Likewise, the bitline decoder circuit of thepair of bitline decoder circuits that is farther away from the targetmemory cell may be activated before the bitline decoder circuit that iscloser to the target memory cell is activated. The bitline decodercircuit that is closer to the target memory cell may be subsequentlyactivated.

The plurality of bitline decoder circuits may include a first group ofbitline decoder circuits 114 and a second group of bitline decodercircuits 116. The first group of bitline decoder circuits 114 mayinclude a first plurality of bitline decoder circuits 110, and thesecond group of bitline decoder circuits 116 may include a secondplurality of bitline decoder circuits 110′. Each of the plurality ofbitlines 104 may have an associated pair of bitline decoder circuitsthat include one bitline decoder circuit from the first group of bitlinedecoder circuits 114, and one bitline decoder circuit from the secondgroup of bitline decoder circuits 116. Accordingly, each of the firstplurality of bitline decoder circuits 110 may be coupled to acorresponding one of the second plurality of bitline decoder circuits110′. For example, the bitline 104-2 may be associated with the bitlinedecoder circuit 110-2 and the bitline decoder circuit 110′-2.

The plurality of wordline decoder circuits may include a first group ofwordline decoder circuits 118 and a second group of wordline decodercircuits 120. The first group of wordline decoder circuits 118 mayinclude a first plurality of wordline decoder circuits 108, and thesecond group of wordline decoder circuits 120 may include a secondplurality of wordline decoder circuits 108′, which may also be arrangedinto corresponding pairs of wordline decoder circuits 108, 108′.

The first and second groups of bitline decoder circuits 114, 116 and thefirst and second groups of wordline decoder circuits 118, 120 may bearranged around a perimeter of the array 112. The arrangement of thebitline and wordline decoder circuits may include the first plurality ofbitline decoder circuits 110 arranged on an opposite side of the array112 as the second plurality of bitline decoder circuits 110; andlikewise for the pluralities of wordline decoder circuits 108, 108.′.

The plurality of bitlines 104 may be metal traces in the array 102, andformed from metal, such as copper, aluminum, silver, tungsten, orcombinations thereof. The plurality of wordlines 106 may also be metaltraces and formed from similar materials. The plurality of bitlines 104and the plurality of wordlines 106 may have a uniform width andthickness along their respective lengths of the array 112. Accordingly,the plurality of bitlines 104 and the plurality of wordlines 106 mayhave a uniform resistance per length and a uniform parasitic capacitanceper length so the resulting parasitic load may uniformly increase perlength. As such, a parasitic load associated with a memory cell 102 maybe different with respect to each bitline decoder circuit of the pair ofbitline decoder circuits 110, 110′ due to the difference in physicaldistance between the memory cell and each of the associated bitlinedecoder circuits. Likewise for the pair of wordline decoder circuits108, 108′. Hence, for a given memory cell 102, a parasitic load may beless for the closer bitline and wordline decoder circuits than for thefarther bitline and wordline decoder circuits. This difference inparasitic load may be used to reduce current spikes that occur when atarget memory cell thresholds, e.g., is turned on, which may result in anegative voltage differential across the selected memory cell. Byactivating the farther of the two decoder circuits, at least, first, thecurrent spike that results from the negative voltage differential may bereduced and/or eliminated. Reducing the current spike may limit anyundesirable effects to the memory cell.

The plurality of bitlines 104 and the plurality of wordlines 106 may bearranged orthogonal to each other, and one memory cell of the pluralityof memory cells 102 may be formed at, e.g., associated with, eachintersection of a bitline 104 and a wordline 106. Each of the pluralityof bitlines 104 and wordlines 106 may run through and extend outside ofthe array of 112. As such, each of the plurality of bitlines 104 may becoupled to respective ones of the plurality of bitline decoder circuits110, 110′ on opposite ends of the bitlines. For example, a bitline 104-1may be coupled to the bitline decoder circuit 110-1 at one end andfurther coupled to the corresponding bitline decoder circuit 110′-1 atthe other end. As such, for each bitline 104 of the plurality ofbitlines 104 there may be an associated pair of bitline decoder circuits110, 110′. The plurality of wordlines 106 may likewise be coupled torespective ones of the plurality of wordline decoder circuits 108, 108′on opposite ends of the wordlines such that each of the plurality ofwordlines 106 there may be a pair of wordline decoders 108, 108′.

The plurality of bitline decoder circuits 110, 110′ may be arranged ondifferent sides of the array 112 than the plurality of wordline decodercircuits 108, 108.′ For example, the first group of bitline decodercircuits 114 may be arranged at a first side of the array 112 (towardsthe bottom of FIG. 1), while corresponding ones of the second group ofbitline decoder circuits 116 may be arranged at a second side (towardsthe top of FIG. 1) of the array 112 that is opposite of the first side.The first group of wordline decoder circuits 118 and the correspondingsecond group of wordline decoder circuits 120 may be arranged on thirdand fourth opposite sides (towards the left and right, respectively, ofFIG. 1) of the array 112. The location of the various bitline andwordline decoder circuits is shown for illustrative purposes only and isa non-limiting factor of the present disclosure.

Each of the first plurality of bitline decoder circuits 110 may becoupled to one end of a respective one of the plurality of bitlines 104,and a corresponding one of each of the second plurality of bitlinedecoder circuits 110′ may be coupled to the other end of a respectiveone of the plurality of bitlines 104. For example, the bitline decodercircuit 110-2 may be coupled to one end of one of a respective bitline104-2, and the bitline decoder circuit 110′-2 may be coupled to theother end of the respective bitline 104-2, Further, each of the firstplurality of wordline decoder circuits 108 may be coupled to one end ofa respective one of the plurality of wordlines 106, and a correspondingone of each of the second plurality of wordline decoder circuits 108′may be coupled to the other end of a respective one of the plurality ofwordlines 106. For example, the wordline decoder circuit 108-3 may becoupled to one end of one of a respective wordline 106-3, and thewordline decoder circuit 108′-3 may be coupled to the other end of therespective wordline 106-3,

Each of the bitline decoder circuits 110, 110′, and each of the wordlinedecoder circuits 108, 108′ may be used to select one or more targetmemory cells 102. Accessing a target memory cell 102 may includeproviding a voltage and/or current to a target memory cell 102 from atleast one of the plurality of bitline decoder circuits 110, 110,′ andone of the wordline decoder circuits 108,108′ associated with thebitline 104 and the wordline 106 coupled to the target memory cell 102.For example, a target memory cell 102 may be selected by activating atleast one of the bitline decoder circuits 110-2, 110′-2 coupled to thetarget memory cell 102 via the bitline 104-2, and by activating at leastone of the wordline decoder circuits 108-2, 108′-2 coupled to the targetmemory cell 102 via the wordline 106-2. Accessing, e.g., thresholding, atarget memory cell 102 may include providing a voltage and/or a currenton both the associated bitline 104 and wordline 106 that may cause avoltage across the target memory cell 102 to increase above a thresholdvoltage. For example, a ground reference voltage may be provided on abitline 104 while a positive voltage is provided on a wordline 106 suchthat a voltage difference between ground and the positive voltage isgreater than the threshold voltage. In some embodiments, a positivevoltage and a negative voltage may be provided on a bitline 104 and awordline 106, respectively, to a target memory cell 102. In someembodiments, the decoder circuits may provide electrical pulses (e.g.,voltage and/or current) to the access lines to access the memory cell.The electrical pulse may be a square pulse, or in other embodiments,other shaped pulses may be used. In some embodiments, a voltage providedto the access lines may be a constant voltage.

Activating the decoder circuits may enable the delivery of an electricalpulse. The electrical pulses may he provided simultaneously to theaccess lines associated with a target memory cell, or one before theother. For example, the bitline decoder circuit 110 may be activatedbefore the wordline decoder circuit 108 may be activated to provide anelectrical pulse on the bitline before providing an electrical pulse onthe wordline. When one of the decoder circuits is activated before theother, the target memory cell 102 may be selected upon activation of theother decoder circuit. The pulses may cause the target memory cell 102to change to a conductive state so that the storage device of the targetmemory cell 102 may be accessed. Accessing a target memory cell mayinclude reading from the memory cell or writing to the memory cell.

In some embodiments, each group of decoder circuits may be coupled toand enabled by control circuit 122. The control circuit 122 may enableone or more of the bitline decoder circuits 110, 110′, and one or moreof the wordline decoder circuits 108, 108′ to access one or more targetmemory cells 102. The control circuit 122 may receive control signals,e.g., selection inputs, that may determine which of the respective pairsof bitline decoder circuits 110, 110′, and wordline decoder circuits108, 108′ to activate first. The control signals may be based on whichof the pairs of bitline decoder circuits 110, 110′, and wordline decodercircuits 108, 108′ are physically farther and closer to the targetmemory cell. The relative physical distance from the decoder circuits tothe target memory cell may be based on a memory address of the memorycell, and an order in which the decoder circuits are activated may bedetermined by various other logic (not shown), such a control logic thatreceives address information, of the apparatus 100.

Once a target memory cell 102 is accessed, the target memory cell may beread or written. Writing a target cell 102 may include changing the datavalue stored by the target memory cell 102. As previously discussed, thedata value stored by a memory cell may be based on a threshold voltageof the memory cell. In some embodiments, a memory cell may be “set” tohave a first threshold voltage, or may be “reset” to have a secondthreshold voltage. A set memory cell may have a lower threshold voltagethan a reset memory cell. By setting or resetting a memory cell,different data values may be stored by the memory cell.

In some embodiments, when a target memory cell 102 is to be accessed, arespective bitline decoder circuit 110, 110′ and wordline decodercircuit 108, 108′ farther from the target memory cell 102 may beactivated by the control circuit 122 to select the target memory cell.The bitline and wordline decoder circuits farther from the target memorycell 102 may provide a voltage to a larger associated parasitic load dueto the greater physical distance from the target memory cell incomparison to the closer decoder circuit. The larger associatedparasitic load may smooth any current spikes generated when the targetmemory cell thresholds. In some embodiments, when a target memory cell102 is to be selected, a respective bitline decoder circuit 110, 110′and wordline decoder circuit 108, 108′ farther from the target memorycell 102 may be activated before a corresponding bitline decoder circuit110, 110′ and wordline decoder circuit 108, 108′ that is closer to thetarget memory cell 102 may be activated. Stated another way, whenselecting a target memory cell 102, the associated pair of bitlinedecoder circuits 110, 110′ may be sequentially activated with thebitline decoder circuit 110, 110′ farther from the target memory cell102 being activated before the closer decoder circuit. The associatedpair of wordline decoder circuits 108, 108′ may be sequentiallyactivated based on a relative physical distance from the target memorycell 102 similar to how the associated bitline decoder circuits may heactivated. By sequentially, e.g., non-simultaneously, activating thebitline decoder circuits 110, 110′ and the wordline decoder circuits108, 108′ to select the target memory cell 102 a current spike may bereduced or eliminated. Subsequently activating both decoder circuits ofthe pair of decoder circuits may further provide sufficient voltageand/or current to ensure the target memory cell is fully selected.

FIG. 2A is a diagram illustrating a portion of a memory array 200 inaccordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. In the exampleillustrated in FIG. 2A, the memory array 200 may be a cross-point arrayincluding a first plurality of conductive lines 204-0, 204-1, . . . ,204-N, e.g., access lines, which may be referred to herein as wordlines,and a second plurality of conductive lines 202-0, 202-1, . . . , 202-M,e.g., access lines, which may be referred to herein as bitlines. Amemory cell 206 may be located at each of the intersections of thewordlines 204-0, 204-1, . . . , 204-N and bitlines 202-0, 202-1, . . . ,202-M and the memory cells 206 may function in a two-terminalarchitecture, e.g., with a particular word line 204-0, 204-1, . . . ,204-N and bitline 202-0, 202-1, . . . , 202-M serving as the electrodesfor the memory cells 206.

Each of the memory cells 206 may be resistance variable memory cells,e.g., RRAM cells, CBRAM cells, PCRAM cells, and/or STT-RAM cells, amongother types of memory cells. Each of the memory cells 206 may include,for example, a memory element, e.g., memory material, and a selectorelement, e.g., a selector device, configured as an access device. Theselector element may be a diode, a non-ohmic device (NOD), or achalcogenide switching device, among others, or formed similar to theunderlying cell structure. The selector element may include, in someexamples, selector material, a first electrode material, and a secondelectrode material. The memory element of memory cell 206 may include amemory portion of the memory cell 206, the portion programmable todifferent states. For instance, in resistance variable memory cells, amemory element can include the portion of the memory cell having aresistance that is programmable to particular levels corresponding toparticular states responsive to applied programming voltage and/orcurrent pulses, for instance. In some embodiment, the memory cells 206may be characterized as threshold-type memory cells that are selected,e.g., activated, based on a voltage and/or current crossing a thresholdassociated with the selector element and/or the memory element.Embodiments are not limited to a particular resistance variable materialor materials associated with the memory elements of the memory cells206. For example, the resistance variable material may be a chalcogenideformed of various doped or undoped chalcogenide-based materials. Otherexamples of resistance variable materials that may be used to formstorage elements include binary metal oxide materials, colossalmagnetoresistive materials, and/or various polymer-based resistancevariable materials, among others.

In operation, the memory cells 206 may be programmed by applying avoltage, e.g., a write voltage, across the memory cells 206 via selectedwordlines 204-0, 204-1, . . . , 204-N and bitlines 202-0, 202-1, . . . ,202-M. A sensing, e.g., read, operation may be performed to determine astate of one or more memory cells 206 by sensing current, for example,on one or more bitlines 202-0, 202-1, . . . , 202-M corresponding to therespective memory cells responsive to a particular voltage applied tothe selected wordline 204-0, 204-1, . . . , 204-N to which therespective cells may be coupled.

FIG. 2B is a diagram illustrating a portion of a memory array 250 inaccordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. In the exampleillustrated in FIG. 2B, the memory array 250 may be configured in across-point memory array architecture, e.g., a three-dimensional (3D)cross-point memory array architecture. The multi-deck cross-point memoryarray 250 comprises a number of successive memory cells, e.g., 214, 212,206 disposed between alternating, e.g., interleaved, decks of wordlines,e.g., 204-0, 204-1, . . . , 204-N and 210-0, 210-1, . . . , 210-Nextending in a first direction and bitlines, e.g., 202-0, 202-1, . . . ,202-M and 208-0, 208-1, . . . , 208-M extending in a second direction.The number of decks may be expanded in number or may be reduced innumber, for example. Each of the memory cells 214, 212, 206 may beconfigured between word lines, e.g., 204-0, 204-1, . . . , 204-N and210-0, 210-1, . . . , 210-N and bitlines, e.g., 202-0, 202-1, . . . ,202-M and 208-0, 208-1, . . . , 208-M, such that a single memory cell214, 212, 206 may be directly electrically coupled with and may beelectrically coupled in series with its respective bitline and wordline.For example, array 250 may include a three-dimensional matrix ofindividually-addressable, e.g., randomly accessible, memory cells 206,212, 214 that may be accessed for data operations, e.g., sense andwrite, at a granularity as small as a single storage element or multiplestorage elements. In a number of embodiments, memory array 250 mayinclude more or less bitlines, wordlines, and/or memory cells than shownin the examples of FIGS. 2A and 2B.

The example memory arrays 200 and 250 may be implemented in the memory100 of FIG. 1. In one embodiment, the memory array 200 may have bitlinedecoder circuits coupled to each end of the bitlines, such as thebitline decoder circuits 110, and wordline decoder circuits coupled toeach of the wordlines, such as the wordline decoder circuits 108. Whenaccessing a target memory cell, such as a memory cell 206, 212, 214, thebitline decoder circuit and the wordline decoder circuit farthest fromthe target cell may be activated before the bitline decoder circuit andthe wordline decoder circuit closest to the target cell may beactivated. By sequentially, non-simultaneously, activating therespective bitline decoder circuits and the wordlines decoder circuitsfarthest, an undesirable current spike may be reduced or eliminated.

FIG. 3A is a simplified block diagram of a portion of a memory 300according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The memory 300 mayinclude similar elements of the memory 100, which will not be discussedin detail in the interest of brevity. The memory 300 may be used todescribe the sequence of activating the decoder circuits when accessinga target memory cell 302. The sequence of activating the bitline decodercircuits and the wordline decoder circuits associated with the targetmemory cell 302 may reduce or eliminate a current spike that may resultin the event the target memory cell 302 thresholds.

The target memory cell may be associated with a pair of bitline decodercircuits 304, 308, and a pair of wordline decoder circuits 306, 310. Asshown in FIG. 3A, the target memory cell 302 may be closer to one of thedecoder circuits of each associated pair of decoder circuits. Forexample, the target memory cell 302 may be closer to the bitline decodercircuit 308 than to the bitline decoder circuit 304. With regards to thewordline decoder circuits, the target memory cell 302 may be closer tothe wordline decoder circuit 310 than to the wordline decoder circuit306. This relative physical relation between the target memory cell 302and the associated bitline and wordline decoder circuits may determinewhich of the bitline decoder circuit of the pair of bitline decodercircuits and which of the wordline decoder circuit of the pair ofwordline decoder circuits are activated first in a sequence ofactivating the pairs of decoder circuits when selecting the targetmemory cell 302. In some embodiments, the decoder circuits farther fromthe target memory cell 302 may be activated before the decoder circuitscloser to the target memory cell 302 are activated.

For example, the bitline decoder circuit 304 and the wordline decodercircuit 306 may be activated before the bitline decoder circuit 308 andthe wordline decoder circuit 310. Subsequently, the bitline decodercircuit 308 and the wordline decoder circuit 310 may be activated.Accordingly, the decoder circuits of the pairs of decoder circuitsassociated with the target memory cell 302 may be non-simultaneouslyactivated. While the bitline decoder circuit 304 and the wordlinedecoder circuit 306 may be activated substantially simultaneously, insome embodiments the bitline decoder circuit 304 and the wordlinedecoder circuit 306 may be activated one before the other, the order ofwhich may not matter. Stated another way, the pair of bitline decodercircuits 304, 308 associated with the target memory cell 302 may besequentially activated so that the bitline decoder circuit farther fromthe target memory cell 302, such as the bitline decoder circuit 304, maybe activated before the bitline decoder circuit 308 in the sequence. Asfor the activation of the wordline decoder circuits, the pair ofwordline decoder circuits 306, 310 associated with the target memorycell 302 may be sequentially activated so that the wordline decodercircuit farther from the target memory cell 302, such as the wordlinedecoder circuit 306, may be activated before the wordline decodercircuit 310 in the sequence. Sequentially activating the respectivepairs of decoder circuits may reduce or eliminate any resulting currentspike that may occur due to the memory cell transitioning through anegative voltage differential. The current spike may be reduced oreliminated due to the larger parasitic load that may exist between thetarget memory cell and the decoder circuits farther away.

FIG. 3B is a timing diagram 320 of various signals during a memoryoperation in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.The timing diagram 320 shows the voltages provided by the pair ofbitline decoder circuits 304, 308, and the pair of wordline decodercircuits 306, 310 when selecting the target memory cell 302 of FIG. 3A.The bitline decoder circuit and wordline decoder circuits may byproviding a positive pre-charge voltage to the bitlines and wordlinesprior to and subsequent to providing a pulse to activate a target memorycell. For example, the pre-charge voltage may be +V/2, which may bepresent on the bitline and wordlines prior to activation of one moretarget cells. The pre-charge voltage may be provided by a pre-chargecircuit (not shown), in some embodiments. The relative timing of therespective voltages provided to the target memory cell 302 by the pairof bitline decoder circuits 304, 308, and the pair of wordline decodercircuits 306, 310 may reduce or eliminate the occurrence of a currentspike at the target memory cell 302.

The timing diagram 320 shows the target memory cell 302 may be selectedby the associated pairs of decoder circuits providing electrical pulses.At time t1, the bitline decoder circuit 304, which is farther from thetarget memory cell 302 than the bitline decoder circuit 308, may providea positive voltage pulse +V to the target memory cell 302. Also at timet1, the wordline decoder circuit 306 may provide a reference voltage(e.g., ground, 0V) to the target memory cell 302. If the voltagedifference between the provided positive voltage and the provided groundvoltage is greater than a threshold voltage of the target memory cell302, the target memory cell 302 may threshold and conduct current.However, in the event the target memory cell 302 thresholds, theseverity of any current spike may be mitigated by the parasitic load ofthe portion of the bitline between the bitline decoder circuit 304 andthe target cell. As previously described, this parasitic load may begreater than the parasitic load between the bitline decoder circuit 308and the target memory cell due to the greater physical distance betweenthe bitline decoder circuit 304 and the target cell in comparison to thephysical distance between the bitline decoder circuit 308 and the targetmemory cell.

At time t2, the bitline decoder circuit 308, which is closer to thetarget memory cell 302 than the bitline decoder circuit 304, may providea positive voltage +V, Also at time t2, the wordline decoder circuit310, which is the closer of the two wordline decoder circuits, mayprovide the ground reference voltage. By activating the bitline decodercircuit and the wordline decoder circuit that are farther away from thetarget memory cell 302 before activating the bitline decoder circuit andwordline decoder circuit closer to the target memory cell 302, theoccurrence of a current spike may be reduced or eliminated. The bitlineand wordline decoder circuits closer to the target memory cell 302 maybe subsequently activated to provide additional voltage and/or currentto the target memory cell 302.

FIG. 4A is a simplified block diagram of a portion of a memory 400according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The memory 400 mayinclude similar elements of the memory 100, which will not be discussedin detail in the interest of brevity. The memory 400 may be used todescribe the sequence of activating the decoder circuits when accessingtarget memory cell 402. The sequence of activating the bitline decodercircuits and the wordline decoder circuits associated with the targetmemory cell 402 may reduce or eliminate a current spike that may resultin the event the target memory cell 402 thresholds.

The target memory cell may be associated with a pair of bitline decodercircuits 404, 406, and a pair of wordline decoder circuits 408, 410. Asshown in FIG. 4A, the target memory cell 402 may be closer to one of thedecoder circuits of each associated pair of decoder circuits. Forexample, the target memory cell 402 may be closer to the bitline decodercircuit 406 than to the bitline decoder circuit 404. With regards to thewordline decoder circuits, the target memory cell 302 may be closer tothe wordline decoder circuit 410 than to the wordline decoder circuit408. This relative physical relation between the target memory cell 402and the associated bitline and wordline decoder circuits may determinewhich of the bitline decoder circuit of the pair of bitline decodercircuits and which of the wordline decoder circuit of the pair ofwordline decoder circuits are activated first in a sequence ofactivating the pairs of decoder circuits when selecting the targetmemory cell 402, In sonic embodiments, the decoder circuits farther fromthe target memory cell 402 may be activated before the decoder circuitscloser to the target memory cell 402 are activated.

For example, the bitline decoder circuit 404 and the wordline decodercircuit 408 may be activated before the bitline decoder circuit 406 andthe wordline decoder circuit 410. Subsequently, the bitline decodercircuit 406 and the wordline decoder circuit 410 may be activated.Accordingly, the decoder circuits of the pairs of decoder circuitsassociated with the target memory cell 402 may be non-simultaneouslyactivated. Stated another way, the pair of bitline decoder circuits 404,406 associated with the target memory cell 402 may be sequentiallyactivated so that the bitline decoder circuit farther from the targetmemory cell 402, such as the bitline decoder circuit 404, may beactivated before the bitline decoder circuit closer to the target memorycell in the sequence. As for the activation of the wordline decodercircuits, the pair of wordline decoder circuits 408, 410 associated withthe target memory cell 402 may be sequentially activated so that thewordline decoder circuit farther from the target memory cell 402, suchas the wordline decoder circuit 408, may be activated before thewordline decoder circuit closer to the target memory cell 402 in thesequence. Sequentially activating the respective pairs of decodercircuits may reduce or eliminate any resulting current spike that mayoccur due to the memory cell transitioning through a negative voltagedifferential. The current spike may be reduced or eliminated due to thelarger parasitic load that may exist between the target memory cell andthe decoder circuits farther away.

FIG. 4B is a timing diagram 420 of various signals during a memoryoperation in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.The timing diagram 420 shows the voltages provided by the pair ofbitline decoder circuits 404, 406, and the pair of wordline decodercircuits 408, 410 when selecting the target memory cell 402 of FIG. 4A.In the embodiment of FIG. 4B, the pre-charge voltage present on thewordlines and bitlines may be a reference voltage, ground for example.The relative timing of the respective voltages provided to the targetmemory cell 402 by the pair of bitline decoder circuits 404, 406, andthe pair of wordline decoder circuits 408, 410 may reduce or eliminatethe occurrence of a current spike at the target memory cell 402.

The timing diagram 420 shows the target memory cell 402 may be selectedby the associated pairs of decoder circuits providing electrical pulses.At time t1, the bitline decoder circuit 404, which is farther from thetarget memory cell 402 than the bitline decoder circuit 406, may providea positive voltage pulse +V/2 to the target memory cell 302. Also attime t1, the wordline decoder circuit 408 may provide a negative voltagepulse −V/2 to the target memory cell 402. If the voltage differencebetween the provided positive voltage and the provided negative voltage,which is across the target memory cell 402, is greater than a thresholdvoltage of the target memory cell 402, the target memory cell 402 maythreshold and conduct current. However, in the event the target memorycell 302 thresholds, the severity of any current spike may be mitigatedby the parasitic load of the portion of the bitline between the bitlinedecoder circuit 304 and the target cell. As previously described, thisparasitic load may be greater than the parasitic load between thebitline decoder circuit 308 and the target memory cell due to thegreater physical distance between the bitline decoder circuit 304 andthe target cell in comparison to the physical distance between thebitline decoder circuit 308 and the target memory cell.

At time t2, the bitline decoder circuit 406, which is closer to thetarget memory cell 402 than the bitline decoder circuit 404, may providea positive voltage pulse +V/2. Also at time t2, the wordline decodercircuit 310, which is the closer of the two wordline decoder circuits,may be activated to provide a negative voltage pulse −V/2. By activatingthe bitline decoder circuit and the wordline decoder circuit that arefarther away from the target memory cell 402 before activating thebitline decoder circuit and wordline decoder circuit closer to thetarget memory cell 402, the occurrence of a current spike may be reducedor eliminated. The bitline and wordline decoder circuits closer to thetarget memory cell 402 may be subsequently activated to provideadditional voltage and/or current to the target memory cell 402.

FIG. 5 is a flow diagram of a method 500 in accordance with anembodiment of the present disclosure. The method 500 may be an examplemethod for implementing an embodiment of the present disclosure. Themethod 500 may be implemented on a memory 100 of FIG. 1, for example,and may reduce or eliminate current spikes that may occur when selectinga memory cell. The method 500 may be implemented in other memorieshaying decoder circuits at each end of at least some access lines of amemory array so that a pair of decoder circuits is associated with theaccess lines. The method 500 may result in selecting a target memorycell by activating a bitline decoder circuit and a wordline decodercircuit farther from the target memory cell before activating acorresponding bitline decoder circuit and wordline decoder circuit,which may be closer to the target memory cell.

The method 500 may begin at step 502, which may include receiving amemory cell to select, which may be part of a memory address provided bya memory controller, for example. The memory address may be received bya control logic or address information receiving circuit of a memory,which may be used to determine the physical location of the memory cellwith respect to the memory cell to select. The step 504 may includedetermining which bitline decoder circuit of a pair of bitline decodercircuits may be farther from the selected memory cell. With regards toFIG. 1, each memory cell 102 may have an associated pair of bitlinedecoder circuits 110, 110′, and the relative location of each memorycell with respect to the pair of bitline decoder circuits 110, 110′ maydetermine which of the pair of bitline decoder circuits may be activatedfirst.

The step 506 may include determining which wordline decoder circuit of apair of wordline decoder circuits may be farthest from the selectedmemory cell. With regards to FIG. 1, each memory cell 102 may have anassociated pair of wordline decoder circuits 108, 108′. and the relativelocation of each memory cell with respect to the pair of wordlinedecoder circuits 108, 108′ may determine which of the pair of wordlinedecoder circuits may be activated first. In some embodiments, the steps504 and 506 may be performed in any order with respect to each other. Insome embodiments, the steps 504 and 506 may be performed simultaneously.

The step 508 may include activating the bitline and wordline decodercircuits determined to be farthest from the selected memory cell.Activating the bitline and wordline decoder circuits may includeactivating them simultaneously, or one before the other. By activatingthe bitline and wordline decoder circuits, the selected memory cell mayreceive one or more electrical pulses that may cause a selector of theselected memory cell turn on by causing a voltage across the selector totransition above a threshold voltage. In some embodiments, the step 508may be performed in conjunction with the steps 504 and 506.

The step 510 may include activating the bitline and wordline decodercircuits closest to the selected memory cell. Activating the bitline andwordline decoder circuits closest to the selected memory cell may causea larger amount of voltage and/or current to be provided to the selectedmemory cell so that the memory cell is fully activated. The bitline andwordline decoder circuits closest to the selected memory cell may beactivated sequentially, e.g., non-simultaneously, to activating thebitline and wordline decoder circuits farthest the selected memory cell.

FIG. 6 illustrates a memory 600 according to an embodiment of thepresent invention. The memory device 600 includes a memory array 660with a plurality of memory cells that are configured to store data. Thememory cells may be accessed in the array through the use of variousaccess lines, such as word lines (WLs) and/or bit lines (BLs). Thememory cells may be non-volatile memory cells, such as NAND or NOR flashcells, phase change memory cells, or may generally be any threshold-typememory cells. The memory cells of the memory array 160 may be arrangedin a memory array architecture. For example, in one embodiment, thememory cells may be arranged in a 3D cross-point architecture. In otherembodiments, other memory array architectures may be used, for example,a single-level cross-point architecture, among others. The memory cellsmay be single level cells configured to store data for one bit of data.The memory cells may also be multi-level cells configured to store datafor more than one bit of data.

A data strobe signal DQS may be transmitted through a data strobe bus(not shown). The DOS signal may be used to provide timing informationfor the transfer of data to the memory device 600 or from the memorydevice 600. The I/O bus 628 may be connected to an I/O control circuit620 that routes data signals, address information signals, and othersignals between the I/O bus 628 and an internal data bus 622, aninternal address bus 624, and/or an internal command bus 626. Theinternal address bus 624 may be provided address information by the I/Ocontrol circuit 620 The internal address bus 624 may provide block-rowaddress signals to row decoders 640 and 680, and column address signalsto column decoders 650 and 690. The row decoders 640, 680, and columndecoders 650, 690 may be used to select blocks of memory cells formemory operations, for example, read and write operations. The rowdecoders 640, 680, and/or the column decoders 650, 690 may include oneor more signal line drivers configured to provide a biasing signal toone or more of the signal lines in the memory array 660. The I/O controlcircuit 620 may be coupled to a status register 634 through a statusregister bus 632. Status bits stored by the status register 634 may beprovided by the I/O control circuit 620 responsive to a read statuscommand provided to the memory device 604. The status bits may haverespective values to indicate a status condition of various aspects ofthe memory and its operation.

The memory device 600 may also include a control logic 610 that receivesa number of control signals 638 either externally or through the commandbus 626 to control the operation of the memory device 600. The controlsignals 638 may be implemented with any appropriate interface protocol.For example, the control signals 638 may be pin based, as is common indynamic random access memory and flash memory (e.g., NAND flash), orop-code based. Example control signals 638 may include clock signals,read/write signals, clock enable signals, etc. A command register 636may be coupled to the internal command bus 626 to store informationreceived by the I/O control circuit 620 and provide the information tothe control logic 610. The control logic 610 may further access a statusregister 634 through the status register bus 632, for example, to updatethe status bits as status conditions change. The control logic 610 maybe configured to provide internal control signals to various circuits ofthe memory device 600. For example, responsive to receiving a memoryaccess command (e.g., read, write), the control logic 610 may provideinternal control signals to control various memory access circuits toperform a memory access operation. Specifically, the control logic 610may be configured to determine a relative location of one or more targetmemory cells of the memory array 660 to respective decoder circuitsincluded in the row decoders 640, 680, and/or the column decoders 650,690. The determination of the relative distance between the one or moretarget memory cells and their respective pairs of decoder circuits maydetermine a sequence the decoder circuits of the respective pairs ofdecoder circuits are activated when accessing the one or more targetmemory cells. Based on the determination, the control logic 610 mayprovide control signals to the row decoders 640, 680, and/or the columndecoders 650, 690 so that the decoder circuits are activated in adesired sequence. Additionally, the control logic 610 may include acontrol circuit, such as the control circuit 122 of FIG. 1, that mayprovide the control signals in the desired sequence. The various memoryaccess circuits are used during the memory access operation, and maygenerally include circuits such as row and column decoders, charge pumpcircuits, signal line drivers, data and cache registers, I/O circuits,as well as others.

An example sequence for assessing one or more target memory cells of thememory array 660 may follow the example flow diagram of FIG. 5. Forexample, based on a memory address of a target memory cell, the controllogic 610 may determine which of respective pairs of decoder circuitsare farther away from and closer to the target memory cell. Thisinformation may be provided to the row decoders 640, 680, and/or thecolumn decoders 650, 690 so that the decoder circuits farther away ofthe respective pairs of decoder circuits are activated before thedecoder circuits closer of the respective pairs of the decoder circuits.By sequentially activating the respective pairs of decoder circuits toaccess the target memory cell, a potential current spike that may resultif the target memory cell thresholds may be reduced or eliminated.

A data I/O circuit 670 includes one or more circuits configured tofacilitate data transfer between the I/O control circuit 620 and thememory array 660 based on signals received from the control logic 610.In various embodiments, the data 110 circuit 670 may include one or moreregisters, buffers, and other circuits for managing data transferbetween the memory array 660 and the I/O control circuit 620. Forexample, during a write operation, the I/O control circuit 620 receivesthe data to be written through the I/O bus 628 and provides the data tothe data I/O circuit 670 via the internal data bus 622. The data I/Ocircuit 670 writes the data to the memory array 660 based on controlsignals provided by the control logic 610 at a location specified by therow decoders 640, 680 and the column decoders 650, 690. During a readoperation, the data I/O circuit reads data from the memory array 660based on control signals provided by the control logic 610 at an addressspecified by the row decoders 640, 680 and the column decoders 650, 690.The data 110 circuit provides the read data to the 110 control circuitvia the internal data bus 622. The I/O control circuit 620 then providesthe read data on the 10 bus 628.

The foregoing disclosure describes examples of current spike limitationin threshold switching memories, for example. The example current spikelimitation methods and circuits may include sequentially activating apair of bitline decoder circuits based on a relative physical distancefrom a target memory cell, for example. The bitline decoder circuitfarthest from the target memory cell may be activated first. A pair ofwordline decoder circuits associated with the target memory cell may besimilarly activated. As a result of sequentially activating the decodercircuits based on a physical distance from the target memory cell, acurrent spike generated from the memory switching into an on state maybe reduced or eliminated.

What is claimed is:
 1. An apparatus, comprising: a plurality of decodercircuits; an array of memory cells, each memory cell of the array ofmemory cells coupled to a pair of decoder circuits of the plurality ofdecoder circuits, each pair of decoder circuits coupled to a respectivememory cell via a respective access line; and a control circuit coupledto the plurality of decoder circuits, the control circuit configured toactivate a first one of the pair of decoder circuits associated with afirst parasitic load of a target memory cell of the array of memorycells before a second one of the pair of decoder circuits associatedwith a second parasitic load of the target memory cell of the array ofmemory cell.
 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the control circuit isconfigured to activate the target memory cell based on a memory addressof a respective pair of decoder circuits.
 3. The apparatus of claim 1,wherein the control circuit is configured to sequentially activate thefirst one of the pair of decoder circuits before the second one of thepair of first decoder circuits based, at least in part, on the firstparasitic load being larger than the second parasitic load.
 4. Theapparatus of claim 3, wherein the first one of the pair of decodercircuits is farther from the memory cell than the second one of the pairof decoder circuits.
 5. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the firstparasitic load provides a larger associated parasitic load than thesecond parasitic load when the target memory is selected.
 6. Theapparatus of claim 3, wherein the first one of the pair of decodercircuits is coupled to an end of the respective access line and thesecond one of the pair of decoder circuits is coupled to the other endof the respective access line.
 7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein thecontrol circuit is configured to receive selection inputs that indicatea selection of the pair of the decoder circuit.
 8. The apparatus ofclaim 7, wherein the pair of decoder circuits, upon activation, isconfigured to change a conductive state of target memory cell such thata storage device of the target memory cell may be accessed.
 9. Theapparatus of claim 1, wherein the first one of the pair of decodercircuits is farther away from the target memory cell, and wherein thecontrol circuit is configured, at least, initially to select the targetmemory cell via the first one of the pair of decoder circuits.
 10. Anapparatus, comprising: a memory cell coupled to a first pair of decodercircuits via a first access line and a second access line; and a controlcircuit coupled to the first pair of decoder circuits, and wherein thecontrol circuit is configured to sequentially activate the first pair ofdecoder circuits, wherein a first one of the first pair of decodercircuits associated with a first parasitic load is activated before asecond one of the first pair of decoder circuits associated with asecond parasitic load, wherein the first parasitic load is based on afirst distance to the memory cell that is greater than a second distanceto the memory cell associated with the second parasitic load.
 11. Theapparatus of claim 10, wherein the first one of the first pair ofdecoder circuits is coupled to an end of the first access line and thesecond one of the first pair of decoder circuits is coupled to an end ofthe second access line.
 12. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein thememory cell is between the pair of decoder circuits.
 13. The apparatusof claim 10, wherein the memory cell is coupled to a second pair ofdecoder circuits via the first access line and the second access line,wherein the first one of the first pair of decoder circuits and a firstone of the second pair of decoder circuits activate the memory cell onthe first access line, and wherein the second one of the first pair ofdecoder circuits and a second one of the second pair of decoder circuitsactivate the memory cell on the second access line.
 14. The apparatus ofclaim 13, wherein the control circuit is further configured tosequentially activate the first pair of decoder circuits and the secondpair of decoder circuits, wherein the first one of the first pair ofdecoder circuits associated with a first parasitic load is activatedbefore the first one of the second pair of decoder circuits associatedwith a third parasitic load, wherein the first parasitic load based onthe first distance to the memory cell is greater than a third distanceto the memory cell associated with the third parasitic load.
 15. Theapparatus of claim 14, wherein the control circuit is further configuredto sequentially activate the first pair of decoder circuits and thesecond pair of decoder circuits, wherein the second one of the firstpair of decoder circuits associated with the second parasitic load isactivated before the second one of the second pair of decoder circuitsassociated with a fourth parasitic load, wherein the second parasiticload based on the second distance to the memory cell is greater than afourth distance to the memory cell associated with the fourth parasiticload.
 16. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein a relative physicaldistance of the memory cell from respective ones of the first pair ofdecoder circuits and respective ones of the second pair of decodercircuits determines which ones of first pair of decoder circuits andwhich ones of the second pair of decoder circuits is activated first.17. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the memory cell is a cross-pointmemory cell.
 18. A method, comprising: non-simultaneously activating afirst one of a pair of decoder circuits coupled to a memory cell via arespective access line based on a first parasitic load associated with afirst distance to the memory cell from the first one of the pair ofdecoder circuits; and non-simultaneously activating a second one of apair of decoder circuits coupled to the memory cell via the respectiveaccess line based on a second parasitic load associated with a seconddistance to the memory cell from the second one of the pair of decodercircuits.
 19. The method of claim 18, further comprising: determiningwhich of the first pair of decoder circuits if farther from the memorycell based at least on the first distance or the second distance. 20.The method of claim 19, wherein non-simultaneously activating the firstpair of decoder circuits coupled to the memory cell comprisessequentially activating the first pair of decoder circuits coupled tothe memory cell, wherein a first one of the first pair of decodercircuits that is farther from the memory cell based on the firstdistance is activated before a second one of the first pair of decodercircuits closer to the memory cell is activated based on the seconddistance.